01), HCl/pepsin (7.60?��?0.11 Talazoparib nmr vs. 8.14?��?0.08, p?<?0.001) and final NaCl (7.59?��?0.12 vs. 7.92?��?0.18, p?<?0.001) ( Fig. 1). The rate of bicarbonate output in BE group was significantly lower than CTRL group during intraesophageal mechanical stimulation with balloons (44.8?��?10.18 vs. 97.80?��?29.26?��Eq/min, p?<?0.05) and chemical stimulation with initial NaCl (35.00?��?7.41 vs. 72.50?��?16.30?��Eq/min, p?<?0.05), HCl (39.40?��?9.92 vs. 77.90?��?11.82?��Eq/min, p?<?0.01) and HCl/pepsin (32.20?��?6.98 vs. 59.0?��?11.98?��Eq/min, p?<?0.05) ( Fig. 2). The non-bicarbonate output in BE was significantly lower than controls during intraesophageal chemical stimulation with HCl (14.30?��?3.13 vs. 21.80?��?4.97?��Eq/min, p?<?0.05). The rate of salivary glycoconjugate output in BE was lower than CTRL group during intraesophageal mechanical <a href="http://www.selleckchem.com/products/s-gsk1349572.html">Dolutegravir cell line stimulation with tubing (6.27?��?1.37 vs. 8.30?��?0.99?mg/min, p?<?0.05) and chemical stimulation with HCl/pepsin (6.16?��?1.69 vs. 11.75?��?1.70?mg/min, p?<?0.05) and final NaCl (5.19?��?1.04 vs. 11.19?��?1.65?mg/min, p?<?0.01) ( Fig. 3). Salivary protein output in BE was significantly lower than controls during intraesophageal mechanical stimulation with tubing (5.19?��?0.99 vs. 6.69?��?0.72?mg/min, p?<?0.05) and chemical stimulation with initial NaCl (6.11?��?1.24 vs. 7.60?��?0.89?mg/min, p?<?0.05), HCl (6.11?��?1.36 vs. 8.75?��?1.06?mg/min, p?<?0.01), HCl/pepsin (5.09?��?1.00 vs. 7.11?��?0.88?mg/min, p?<?0.01) and final NaCl (5.06?��?1.31 vs. 6.72?��?0.75?mg/min, p?<?0.01) ( Fig. 4). The rate of EGF output in BE was significantly lower than CTRL group during intraesophageal mechanical stimulation with balloons (2.58?��?0.69 vs. 6.96?��?1.56?ng/min, p?<?0.05) ( Fig. 5) and also 38% lower during HCl/pepsin stimulation although p?>?0.05. The rate of salivary TGF�� output was higher in BE than CTRL group during chewing the parafilm CAPNS1 (0.48?��?0.13 vs. 0.20?��?0.07?ng/min, p?<?0.05). Similar trend was observed in the rate of salivary PGE2 secretion in BE than CTRL group in basal condition (206.00?��?87.60 vs. 65.20?��?13.90?pg/min, p?<?0.05) and during chewing the parafilm (754.00?��?384.00 vs. 179.00?��?50.40?pg/min, p?<?0.05). Barrett's esophagus is defined as replacement of the normal esophageal squamous mucosa by specialized columnar epithelium. It is rising in incidence throughout the Western world. The importance of BE lies in the fact that it is a precursor of esophageal adenocarcinoma that has a poor prognosis [29]. The integrity of the esophageal mucosa depends upon an equilibrium between aggressive factors (acid, pepsin and bile components) and defense mechanisms [7], [17]?and?[24].</div>
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